Cutting Inserts,Cemented Carbide Inserts,Cutting Tool

Historically, single- and multi-spindle automatics and rotary transfer machines have been tooled to run specific jobs for extended periods of time. These might drop complete parts such as automotive, hydraulic or pneumatic fittings every few seconds. That said, builders of these machines are building flexibility into their designs to enable faster changeovers to new jobs. While still well-suited for high-volume production, new models can more readily accommodate smaller batch sizes.

Multi-spindles feature numerous machining stations having independent spindles through which barstock is fed into the workzone. The spindles are mounted in a drum that indexes them from one station to the next. Different operations are performed at each station until the part is completed. “Double drops” are also possible when only half of a machine’s stations are required to complete a part. In this case, the machine is essentially two in one, producing either two identical parts or two different parts in the same cycle. The animation below from Index demonstrates how an eight-spindle machine functions.

 

Index now offers its new MS32-6 multi-spindle lathe, which is said to open the option of multi-spindle technology to a broader range of shops. This machine includes the company’s new tool slide platform that uses a W-serration interface to enable fast changeovers with precision locating. Additionally, a new quick-clamping system is said to make it easy to bring in tools that have been setup offline. Index says the combination of these features can cut setup times by more than 90%, enabling shops to achieve the high productivity multi-spindles are known for with versatility to run smaller lot sizes.

Multi-station rotary transfer machines function similarly, moving parts installed on an indexing vertical or horizontal table from machining station to station as shown in the following video from Hydromat.

 

Hydromat’s Eclipse is a redesign of the company’s rotary transfer platform using all electric servo spindles and slides. No hydraulics are used for tool spindle motion. The machine’s ductile iron casting is designed to use semi-permanent tool spindles each having three-axis capability. This is said to eliminate the need to change tool spindle sizes for different cutting processes or adding a three-axis flanges for that capability.

Builders such as Gnutti are similarly designing their machines with flexibility in mind. For example, the company’s Piccola machine processes coil stock in diameters as large as 13 mm. Machining from coil eliminates the need to change to new barstock sizes and enables shops to realize high material usage as there is no barstock remnant. But, in addition, the Piccola machine has a new multiple-station, tool change system that can accommodate as many as six tools. This offers versatility to run different jobs or have redundant tooling for long-running jobs.

Another model, the Double Front, produces parts from barstock. It features tool stations on either side of a vertical turret with part transfer from one side to the other. Having two independent chucks for each station is said to make it possible to better split the operations without having limits on backworking operations. Reliance Worldwide Corporation has three such machine in its Cullman, Alabama facility as part of machining and assembly cells producing its popular SharkBite push-to-connect plumbing fittings.

 

Similarly, with its MultiX rotary transfer platform, Mikron says it has placed the emphasis on its configurability, scalability and flexibility. These machines offer true turning capabilities and the ability to have up to three tools in the cut in one station (a machine can have 4-24 stations). All standard machining units are exchangeable and precisely repositionable. Therefore, a machine configured for one job can be re-configured for another job by exchanging machining units. In addition, different toolholders are available and multiple tools can be mounted on each unit. The zero-point workholding concept is what enables repeatable positioning and fast Cemented Carbide Inserts changeovers.

Porta’s PortaCenter concept was also developed to meet the needs of high-mix production as the company says the total volume of parts needed continues to rise, but the lot sizes are shrinking. These standard model machines have three 4-axis machining stations and one load/unload station and offer — in a single unit — an alternative to multiple, conventional 4-axis horizontal machining centers (HMCs). This is said to reduce costs related to fixturing, tooling, labor, floorspace, inspection and utilities while providing fast changeovers to new jobs. In fact, the company says the PortaCenter’s additional A and U axes enable it to machine parts in one setup that a conventional HMC cannot. The standard PortaCenter ISO40 model offers a 10” work envelope, but the company now offers its Carbide Aluminum Inserts ISO50 model, which has a 20” work envelope to accommodate larger parts. Setups are made faster with quick-change pallet systems such as is demonstrated below.

The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/product/togt-deep-drilling-inserts-cnc-lathe-cutting-indexable-carbide-drill-insert-p-1207/

Cutter radius compensation can be one of the more difficult programming features to fully master. There are many rules, and when something goes wrong, it can be difficult to diagnose and correct the problem. Just about the time you think you have it all figured out, some new situation arises that you haven’t dealt with before. This can be quite frustrating, especially when a program that has worked in the past is now failing due to some cutter radius compensation alarm. Here we offer five of the most common problems and give some advice for avoiding them.

Insufficient Clearance on Approach

Almost all versions of cutter radius compensation require that you make a prior position movement in X and Y to get the tool to a position from which tool length compensation can be instated. With most controls, this prior position must be at least the cutter’s radius away from the first surface to mill. If using a 1-inch diameter cutter, for example, the tool must be at least 0.5 inch away from the first surface to mill. Note that with most controls, this prior position also determines the maximum cutter size that can be used. If the positioning movement stays 0.5 inch away from the surface, the largest cutter that will work is 1 inch in diameter. By the way, this is one situation when a program that has successfully run before is now generating an alarm. The last time this program was run, the setup person used an appropriate cutter size, but today the cutter is larger. To avoid this problem, be sure to specify the maximum cutter size on the setup.

Tight Recesses

Once cutter radius compensation is instated, the control will simply keep the cutter on the right side or left side of all surfaces it sees coming up in the program. All current controls have a look-ahead feature that allows the control to scan at least a few commands into the program. As the cutter is moving along one surface, the control is looking ahead to see what is coming up in the program so it can end the current motion in the appropriate manner. With this look-ahead capability the control can also determine if the tool cannot completely machine one surface without violating another. If a surface is about to be violated, most controls will generate an over-cutting alarm. Finding this kind of problem can be difficult, especially if the drawing isn’t made to scale. I recommend plotting the coordinates from your program on a piece of graph paper. Using a circle the same size as your cutter, try moving the circle around the plotted path to see if the circle can move around all surfaces.

Multiple Contours

For each contour to be machined, you must instate, cut with and cancel cutter radius compensation. A common beginner’s mistake is to instate cutter radius compensation once and then proceed to machine more than one contour. If you must rapid the tool to another surface, it should be taken as a signal that you must cancel cutter radius compensation and then reinstate it on the next surface.

Forgetting to Cancel

If you do forget to cancel cutter radius compensation, it’s likely that your series of motions will eventually break a cutter compensation rule and generate some kind of alarm. However, if no alarms are generated, tungsten carbide inserts you could be in for a nasty surprise. The next tool’s movements will still be under the influence of cutter radius compensation, and of course its movements will not be correct. Say for example, that the tool following the milling cutter using cutter radius compensation is a drill. You forget to cancel cutter radius compensation, and as the drill is brought into its first position, you don’t break any cutter compensation rules. The drill will machine its holes out of position by the amount stored in the cutter radius compensation offset register. But as you check the program, it’s likely that you’ll be checking the programmed coordinates for the drill, and of course, they are correct. It may take some time before it occurs to you to check whether cutter radius compensation is being canceled.

Offset Carbide Turning Inserts Larger Than Smallest Inside Radius

If using G02 or G03 to specify an inside (filet) radius, the tool must of course fit in the radius, meaning the radius of your milling cutter must be less than or equal to the radius you’re trying to machine.

Again, cutter radius compensation can be difficult to fully master. And I know of programmers that have completely given up on cutter radius compensation because they don’t understand it. Given the benefits of cutter radius compensation, be sure to stick with it until you fully understand it.

The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/cutting-tool-inserts/wnmg-insert/

The Fabrica 2.0 from Nano Dimension’s Fabrica Group has a smart, adaptive optical system that confirms its position after every layer, sharpening detail to a pixel size of 1.9 microns, which, combined with a layer thickness of 1 micron, enables it to produce accurate, high-resolution micro parts. Photo Credit: Nano Dimension.

Making micro plastic parts is a complex process that requires highly specialized equipment and knowledge. One of the biggest challenges for these parts is prototyping. Traditionally, the only available methods have been the same processes used for full-scale production: machining tool steel molds for multiple design iterations that might differ by only a few microns. “Rapid tooling for micro molding has been kind of the elusive spot in the marketplace puzzle to solve,” says Aaron Johnson, vice president of marketing and customer strategy at Accumold, a company with 35 years of experience in producing micro injection molded plastic parts.

For most of that history, 3D printing has not been able to achieve the small scale, fine details and tight tolerances that Accumold requires. But as 3D printing has advanced, so has the field of micro 3D printing, and Accumold now has a new tool for speeding the protopying process: a Fabrica 2.0 DLP micro system from Nano Dimension.

A Big Market for Little Parts

Accumold was started by two toolmakers who saw a need for micro plastic parts, but not a system on the market that could handle the required part sizes and tolerances. Leveraging their toolmaking experience as an advantage, they created a micro injection molding system with the efficiency, speed and accuracy of a traditional injection molding system.

Since the company was founded, microelecronics has grown to be come its largest market. “Think about all of the devices that have electronics in them today that didn’t 35 years ago, Threading Inserts or even just a few years ago,” Johnson says. “It’s everything from automotive to consumer electronics to high end medical devices.”

Today, the company offers a range of services to support production of micro plastic parts, including mold design, building and maintenance; part production; inspection; sub-assembly; and packaging. All of its work is considered to be “micro” in at least one of three ways (but “In a lot of cases, it’s all three,” Johnson says).

Micro in size. According to Johnson, most of the parts Accumold produces are under a centimeter, and often smaller than a millimeter. For example, the smallest commercial part the company can mention is 800 microns at its largest feature.Micro features. Some of the tungsten carbide inserts parts the company produces are larger, but have very small features, such as microfluidic channels.Micro tolerances. Sometimes parts are micro in terms of their tolerances. For example, optical part molds can require tolerances of ± 2 microns.Solving “Small” Problems

Accumold’s first foray into 3D printing was a small SLA system, which is employed for fixturing and some prototyping. However, the company had been watching the 3D printing market for 10 years before the technology seemed viable as an alternative to micromachining for prototypes.  “In order for it to fit well with our customers, it had to get close to what we could produce from a molding standpoint,” he says. “That’s why they come to us, for the high-precision, high-accuracy things. So the prototype side of that has to go hand in hand with that.”

One feature that drew Accumold to the Fabrica 2.0 was the machine’s 50 by 50 by 100-millimeter build plate. This might seem small, but as Johnson notes, when you’re working with micro parts, that’s “a lot of good real estate to work with in high precision.” Photo Credit: Nano Dimension

The Fabrica 2.0 arrived in June 2021. It’s a digital light processing (DLP) system, which uses a digital light projector to solidify parts within a vat of liquid photopolymer resin. Its smart, adaptive optical system adjusts and confirms its position after every layer, sharpening detail to a pixel size of 1.9 microns, which, combined with a layer thickness of 1 micron, enables it to produce accurate, high-resolution micro parts.

 

Chris Hunt, Accumold’s director of additive manufacturing, at the shop’s recently acquired Fabrica 2.0 micro 3D printing system. The company believes that 3D printers like this one can fill a need for rapid tooling and prototyping in the production of micro plastic parts. Photo Credit: Accumold.

Putting the Machine to Work 

The machine prints in two materials: Precision N-800, an ABS-like substance useful for prototypes, and Performance N-900, a ceramic-loaded composite material for more durable mold inserts.

Although prototypes are destined to be molded, they are different in some respects. “You have to think through critical surfaces and best orientation for the printing so that the part ultimately comes out the way the prototype needs to work,” Johnson says.

3D-printed prototypes also require removing the support structures, but post-processing work overall is minimal.

3D printed mold inserts also need minimal postprocessing. In fact, Johnson says that mold inserts are often good enough to start using right off the printer. However, 3D printed mold tooling doesn’t last as long as traditionally produced mold tooling, and Accumold is still working out what exactly its limits are. Johnson explains that it depends on a lot of factors, including the type of material being used, how delicate the features are and the mold’s accuracy, but it could range anywhere from 10 to 1,000 shots. He says that, right now, field tests and anecdotal evidence show that these molds can produce enough parts for R&D or form, fit and function tests, but can’t reach commercial volumes.

Accumold is also exploring other ways to leverage the advantages of 3D printing for mold tooling, such as conformal cooling channels. “There are all sorts of other cool, innovative things that you could do from a tooling standpoint that we’ll explore,” Johnson says.

The micro 3D printer has also proven useful for other internal tooling projects, including fixtures and end effectors for automation systems (which are mostly used in its subassembly and packaging work). Because all of the parts Accumold produces are very tiny and/or precise, all of its fixtures and end effectors need to be tiny and/or precise as well, and the Fabrica 2.0 is well-suited to this work.

Big Results For Tiny Parts 

3D printing has reduced prototype production time from weeks to days, Johnson says. As an example, he cites a microfluidic project involving a component that was eventually going to be injection molded, but the customer still needed to determine the shape and height of the component. Accumold was able to 3D print several different iterations for testing. “It sped that process up immensely, and was very successful in getting that project launched on time,” he adds.

However, these capabilities are still very new for Accumold. The shop is still working to figure out exactly what tolerances the machine can hold (although this could vary depending on the project, as Johnson notes). And even though it has been successful in keeping the machine running around the clock, growing demand for these services remains a priority. Likewise for determining out how much capacity to devote to prototype parts, how much to devote to 3D printed mold inserts and how much to devote to internal tooling. All of this will depend on its customers’ needs. “Our main objective right now is to support our customers’ path to commercialization, whatever that looks like, as best we can,” Johnson says. “And we’re excited to see where the technology takes us otherwise.”

Landscape Photo Credit: Nano Dimension
The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/pro_cat/turning-inserts/index.html

  

Dial indicators have been around since the early 1900s, and, while digital indicators may be gathering more attention recently, dial indicators are unlikely to ride off into the sunset any time soon. This older tool’s long-term popularity is well-earned. Dial indicators offer good resolution at a low cost, but that is not the main reason people still use them, especially some of the more experienced users. I am one of those experienced users still wearing a watch with an analog dial because the analog dial gives me a sense of where I’m at.TNMG Insert In the analog world, I know at a glance if I am approaching the time needed and whether I have lots of time or just a little. The same analog benefits apply to dial indicators.

Beyond providing easy-to-read quantitative measurements, dial indicators give users a comparative sense that their parts are in the right ballpark. The user can simply see if the indicator’s needle is within tolerance bands or, simpler still, lies within red sections highlighted on the dial. No interpretation is necessary. Not every result may read like a home run, but as long as it’s not in the outfield, it scores as a good part.

Dial indicators vary widely in type, size and range. All translate variations (through internal movement of a plunger) into dial readings. Some will indicate dimensional variations as small as Tungsten Carbide Inserts 0.00005″. Therefore, these sensitive mechanisms must be handled with the same devoted care as other precision equipment.

There is always a fresh set of users who may be seeing a dial indicator for the first time. Even though these indicators are relatively basic tools, new users require some knowledge to properly read them.

Dial indicators — also known as dial gages, clocks, comparators or just indicators — are widely used as basic gages for measuring linear dimensions. A dial indicator is useless by itself and needs to be attached to a fixed base or a stand so that the tip of the spindle is at a specific height against either a master or reference part. An operator then lifts the spindle with a lever, slides the part to be measured under the spindle and lowers the spindle back down. If the part length is different from the reference, the operator will see the deviation on the indicator’s dial. Seeing this part deviation is what reading the indicator is all about.

Dial indicators come in various sizes, ranges and resolutions. They can have balanced or continuous dials, and some types can even work backward based on the particular application. All these options are available because the goal for the indicator is to allow the user to read it as easily as possible without requiring too much interpretation.

Returning to the analog watch comparison, with this dial configuration, users will need to adjust the gaging application and indicator to have the master zero setting point at the 12 o’clock position or “0” on the dial. Most dial indicators are then used in a comparative mode using a balanced dial, with minus (-) readings on the left of 0 and plus (+) readings to the right of 0. The goal is that the plus and minus tolerances are in the range of the 10 and 2 o’clock positions on the dial. There are also large-approach and over-tolerance ranges to see the work coming into tolerance, similar to the analog feature on my dial watch mentioned above. At the 10-2 position, about 20% of the dial is large enough to easily view the intolerance position.

Now, most dial indicators will have more than one revolution of the hand, usually at least 2.5 revolutions, and there may be a small hand on the dial counting the revolutions to prevent user errors. But in the end, the comparative reading balancing the part tolerance around zero on the indicator is what the user is looking for.

The above image shows an example of a balance dial with 0 at the 12 o’clock position. The “-” sign to the left of “0” is signifying a smaller dimension, while the “+” sign to the right signifies a larger dimension. To obtain the actual deviation of the part compared to the master, simply count the number of graduations (minimum grad values) to obtain the plus or minus deviation.

As illustrated, there are small and large grad marks (similar to minute grads on a watch) that help in counting the grads. However, in the analog use of the indicator, as long as the hand is within the tolerance limit, that’s really all that counts.

The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/product/factory-direct-supply-cutting-tools-dcmt-steel-turning-inserts-positive-p-1202/

Some CNC milling cutters that CNC machining must master, such as round nose knives, ball knives, etc.

Contents hide 11. Introduction of the tool 22. Tool use 33. Tool cutting parameter setting 1. Introduction of the tool

CNC machining tools must adapt to the high speed, high efficiency and high degree of automation of CNC machine tools. CNC milling cutters are mainly divided into flat-bottomed knives (end mills), round nose knives and ball knives, as shown in Figure 1-1. They are divided into white steel knives, flying knives and alloy knives. In the actual processing of the factory, the most commonly used knives are D63R8, D50R6, D35R5, D35R0.8, D30R5, D25R5, D20R4, D20R0.8, D16R0.8, D12, D10, D8, D6, D4, D3, D2. , D2, D1.5, D1, D0.5, D10R0.5, D8R0.5, D6R0.5, D4R0.5, R5, R4, R3, R2.5, R2, R1.5, R1 and R0.5 .

Figure 1-1 CNC milling cutter

(1) Flat bottom knife: mainly used for roughing, plane finishing, shape finishing and clear angle processing. The disadvantage is that the tip is easy to wear and affects the machining accuracy.

(2) Round nose knife: It is mainly used for roughing, plane finishing and side finishing of mold blanks, especially suitable for roughing of molds with high hardness.

(3) Ball knives: mainly used for non-planar semi-finishing and finishing.

2. Tool use

In CNC machining, the choice of tool is directly related to the processing accuracy, the quality of the machined surface and the processing efficiency. Choosing the right tool and setting reasonable cutting parameters will enable CNC machining to Cemented Carbide Inserts achieve the best machining quality at the lowest cost and in the shortest time. In short, the general principle of tool selection is: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, durability and high precision. Under the premise of meeting the processing requirements, try to choose a shorter tool holder to improve the rigidity of the tool processing.

When selecting a tool, the size of the tool should be adapted to the size of the blank. If the size of the cavity is 80×80, the tool such as D25R5 or D16R0.8 should be selected for roughing; if the size of the cavity is larger than 100×100, the D30R5 or D35R5 flying knife should be selected for opening; if the cavity The size is larger than 300 × 300, then you should choose a flying knife with a diameter larger than D35R5 for roughing, such as D50R6 or D63R8. In addition, the DCMT Insert choice of tool is determined by the power of the machine. For example, a CNC milling machine or machining center with a small power cannot use a tool larger than D50R6.

In the actual machining, the end mill, the boss, the groove, etc. of the contour of the plane part are often selected by the end mill; the surface, the side surface and the cavity of the rough machining of the milling cutter with the cemented carbide insert are selected; the ball end milling cutter is selected. The round nose knife has an angled contour shape.

3. Tool cutting parameter setting

The principle of reasonable selection of cutting amount is: when roughing, it is generally to improve production efficiency, but economical and processing cost should also be considered; in semi-finishing and finishing, under the premise of ensuring processing quality, taking into account cutting efficiency , economy and processing costs. The specific values should be based on the machine manual, the cutting amount manual, and the experience.

With the wide application of CNC machine tools in production practice, CNC programming has become one of the key issues in CNC machining. In the process of programming the NC program, it is necessary to select the tool and determine the amount of cutting in the human-computer interaction state. Therefore, the programmer must be familiar with the selection method of the tool and the principle of determining the amount of cutting, so as to ensure the processing quality and processing efficiency of the part, give full play to the advantages of the CNC machine tool, and improve the economic efficiency and production level of the enterprise.

Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 list the parameter settings of the flying knife and the alloy knife respectively. These cutting parameters are for reference only. The actual cutting amount should be determined according to the specific machine performance, part shape and material, clamping condition, etc. Make adjustments).

The larger the diameter of the tool, the slower the speed; for the same type of tool, the longer the tool bar, the smaller the knife size will be, otherwise it will be easy to slash and cause overcutting.

Table 1-1 Flying knife parameter settings

Tool type	Maximum processing depth (mm)	Ordinary length (mm)	Ordinary lengthening (mm)	Spindle speed (/m)	Feed rate (mm/min)	Eating knife (mm)
D63R8	130/300	150	320	700～1000	2500～4000	0.2～1
D50R6	100/230	120	250	800～1500	2500～3500	0.1～0.8
D35R5	150/200	180	300	1000～2200	2200～3000	0.1～0.8
D30R5	100/150	150	180	1500～2200	2000～3000	0.1～0.5
D25R5	70/150	120	180	1500～2500	2000～3000	0.1～0.5
D25R0.8	80/150	120	180	1500~2500	2000~2800	0.1~0.3
D20R0.8	70/150	100	180	1500～2500	2000～2800	0.1～0.3
D17R0.8	70/130	100	180	1800～2500	1800～2500	0.1～0.3
D12R0.8	60/90	90	120	2000～3000	1800～2500	0.1～0.2
D16R8	60/100	100	150	2000～3000	2000～3000	0.1～0.4

The above flying knife parameters can only be used as a reference, because the parameters of different flying knife materials are also different, and the length of the flying knife produced by different tool factories is slightly different. In addition, the parameter values of the tool are also different depending on the performance of the CNC milling machine or the machining center and the material to be machined. Therefore, the parameters of the tool must be set according to the actual conditions of the factory. The flying knife has good rigidity and a large amount of knife, which is most suitable for the opening of the mold blank. In addition, the quality of the sharp surface of the flying knife is also very good. The flying knife is mainly made of knives and has no side edges. As shown below
                                                              

                

Table 1-2 Alloy knife parameter settings

Tool type	Maximum processing depth (mm)	Ordinary length (mm) blade / knife length	Ordinary lengthening (mm)	Spindle speed (r/m)	Feed rate (mm/min)	Eating knife (mm)
D12	60	30/80	35/100	1800～2500	1500～2500	0.1～0.5
D10	55	25/75	30/100	2500～3000	1500～2500	0.1～0.5
D8	45	20/70	25/100	2500～3000	1000～2500	0.1～0.5
D6	30	15/60	20/100	2500～3000	700～2000	0.1～0.3
D4	25	11/50	11/100	2800～4000	700～2000	0.1～0.3
D2	10	5/50	Not exist	4500～6000	700～1500	0.05～0.1
D1	5	2/50	Not exist	5000～10000	500～1000	0.05～0.1
R6	60	22/80	22/100	1800～3000	1800～2500	0.1～0.5
R5	55	18/75	18/100	2500～3500	1500～2500	0.1～0.5
R4	45	14/60	14/100	2500～3500	1500～2500	0.1～0.35
R3	30	12/50	12/100	3000～4000	1500～2500	0.1～0.3
R2	25	8/50	8/100	3500～4500	1500～2000	0.1～0.25
R1	10	5/50	Not exist	3500～5000	800～1500	0.05～0.15
R0.5	5	2/50	Not exist	5000以上	500～1000	0.05～0.08

The alloy knife has good rigidity and is not easy to produce a knives. It is the best for finishing the mold. The alloy knives have the same side edge as the white steel knives. The side edges are often used when finishing the copper straight wall.

Our Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/product/tcmt-steel-inserts-cnc-lathe-turning-p-1204/

Contents hide 1high speed steel CNC tips 2cemented carbide cnc tips 3coated tools cnc tips 4ceramic cnc tipshigh speed steel CNC tips

It is a kind of high alloy tool steel with more tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and other alloy elements. It has high thermal stability, high strength (bending strength is 2 ~ 3 times that of cemented carbide and 5 ~ 6 times that of ceramics), toughness (more than ten times that of cemented carbide and ceramics), certain hardness and wear resistance. It is easy to manufacture and form, and it is easy to grind out sharp blades. It is often used to make tools with complex shapes. High speed steel can be divided into:

General purpose high speed steel. It is widely used to manufacture various complex cutting tools, and can cut most structural steel and cast iron materials with hardness below 250 ~ 280hbs. According to the different content of tungsten in steel, it can be divided into tungsten steel and tungsten molybdenum steel. Typical grades of tungsten steel are W18Cr4V (w18 for short, with good comprehensive properties, but insufficient strength and toughness, and poor thermoplasticity), w18cr4vmnxt (with better carbide distribution and thermoplasticity than the former), and W6Mo5Cr4V2 (W6 for short, with good thermoplasticity, suitable for rolling or twisting or twisting drill bits, with thermal stability lower than w18) and W9Mo3Cr4V (w9 for short, with better mechanical properties and good thermoplasticity).

High performance high speed steel. Including high carbon high speed steel, high vanadium high speed steel, cobalt high speed steel and ultra hard high speed steel, also known as high thermal stability

High performance high-speed steel, its tool durability is about 1.5 ~ 3 times that of general-purpose high-speed steel tools. It is suitable for processing austenitic stainless steel, high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy, ultra-high strength steel and other difficult materials. Common brands include: w2mo9cr4co8, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, w10mo4cr4v3al, etc.

Powder metallurgy high speed steel. High speed steel is a kind of high-speed steel that uses high-pressure argon or pure nitrogen to atomize molten high-speed steel, directly obtain fine high-speed steel powder, then press the powder into a dense billet under high temperature and high pressure, and finally roll the billet into steel or tool shape. The utility model has the advantages that the fine and uniform crystal structure can be obtained, and the grinding machinability is very good. It is especially suitable for manufacturing tools for difficult to machine materials and large-size tools (such as hobs and gear shapers), as well as precision tools.

cemented carbide cnc tips

Cemented carbide is made of refractory metal carbides (TIC, WC, TAC, NBC, etc.) and metal binders (such as CO, Ni, etc.) by powder metallurgy. Cemented carbide has high hardness and wear resistance, its cutting performance is much higher than that of high-speed steel, and the tool durability can be increased by several times to dozens of times; But the bending strength and impact toughness are poor. Because of its excellent cutting performance, it is widely used Indexable Inserts as tool material. Most turning tools and end mills are made of cemented carbide; Deep hole drills, reamers and some complex cutters such as gear hobs are now also made of cemented carbide.

According to ISO standard, cutting cemented carbides are divided into three categories: P (equivalent to Chinese YT), K (equivalent to Chinese YG) and m (equivalent to Chinese YW).

WC Co (YG) cemented carbides, mainly composed of wc+co, can be divided into coarse grain, medium grain, fine grain and ultra-fine grain. Commonly used brands include YG3X, YG6X, YG6, YG8, etc., which are mainly used for processing cast iron and non-ferrous metals.

WC tic CO (YG) cemented carbides contain 5% ~ 30% TIC in addition to WC. The commonly used grades are YT5, YT14, YT15 and yt30, which are mainly used for processing steel.

WC tic WNMG Insert tac (NBC) -co (YW) cemented carbides, in which a certain amount of TAC (NBC) is added. The commonly used brands are yw1 and yw2. They can be used to process cast iron, non-ferrous metals, various steels and their alloys.

coated tools cnc tips

Coated tools are obtained by coating a thin layer of refractory metal compound with high wear resistance on the matrix of cemented carbide tools with good toughness. Common coating materials include tic, tin, TiB2, ZrO2, Ti (C, n) and Al2O3.

Coated cemented carbides are generally produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Tic is the most widely used coating material at the deposition temperature of 1000oC. The wide use of non regrinding cutting tools has opened up a broad world for the development of coated carbide cutting tools. Practice has proved that the durability of coated cemented carbide blades can be increased by at least 1 ~ 3 times.

Coated high-speed steel cutting tools are generally produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD) at a deposition temperature of about 500, which is one of the main trends in the development of cutting tool technology. Coated high-speed steel cutting tools mainly include drill bits, taps, hobs, end mills, etc. on tin coated machine tools, better TiAlN and Ti (C, n) coatings have been developed, and the tool durability can be increased by more than 2 ~ 10 times.

ceramic cnc tips

Ceramic cutting tool materials are made by adding various carbides, nitrides, borides, oxygen, nitrides, etc. to the ceramic matrix according to a certain production process. It has unique advantages such as high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability. In the range of high-speed cutting and processing some difficult materials, especially in the heating cutting method, any high-speed steel and cemented carbide tools, including coated tools, cannot be compared with it. It can be used to manufacture various turning tools, including forming turning tools, boring tools, reamers and milling tools. There are many varieties and brands of ceramic tool materials, which can be roughly divided into the following three categories according to their main components:

Alumina ceramics. It is a ceramic material with alumina (Al2O3) as the main body, including pure alumina ceramics and composite ceramics with various carbides, oxides, nitrides and borides added to alumina. Its outstanding advantages are high hardness and wear resistance, while its disadvantages are high brittleness, low bending strength and poor thermal shock resistance. At present, it is mostly used for high-speed finishing of cast iron and quenched and tempered steel.

Silicon nitride ceramics. It includes silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics and composite silicon nitride ceramics based on silicon nitride and added with other carbides. Its bending strength and fracture toughness are higher than those of alumina ceramics, and its thermal shock resistance is also better. It has achieved good results in processing hardened steel, chilled cast iron, graphite products, glass fiber reinforced plastics and other materials.

Composite silicon nitride alumina (si3n4+ Al2O3) ceramics. Its main components are silicon (SI), aluminum (AL), oxygen (o) and nitrogen (n), so it is named sialon The material has excellent high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance and mechanical shock resistance. Its performance in processing cast iron and nickel base superalloy is much better than that of hot pressed alumina ceramic blade. One of its main features is that it can adopt large feed rate and high cutting speed. In addition, some tools made of superhard tool materials such as diamond and cubic boron nitride have also been used in CNC machine tools and can process some difficult materials with high precision and high efficiency.

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